THE PROCESS OF TWO-DEGREE GENERAL ELECTIONS TO SINGLE-DEGREE DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS

Abstract

The participation of the Ottoman society in the general elections was foreseen in the first constitutional period. However, this was fully realized during the Second Constitutional Period. The two-grade election system, which was put into practice in the First Constitutional Period, remained in place until 1943. In the Second Constitutional Monarchy period, multi-party system was adopted. The 1920 general elections were held during the occupation period and during the national struggle against this occupation. In the general elections held in 1923, since there were no political parties, the deputies of the first and second groups formed in the parliament competed. CHF/CHP participated in the elections held until 1946 from the proclamation of the Republic. For this reason, different ways have been used in parliament to create multifaceted. For this purpose, an independent group was formed and independent deputies were elected. In 1943 a new election law was adopted. With this law, two-level election system is adopted. Finally, in 1946, a multi-party, single-degree general election system was adopted. The purpose of the study, two-stage elections conducted between the years 1877-1946 and Turkey monarchical government is to investigate the process leading to a multiparty democratic system. In the study, general elections held from 1877 until 1946 were examined. Election laws and election campaigns conducted during the election process were investigated.