COMPARISON OF TURKISH AND SPAIN EDUCATION SYSTEMS

Abstract

Education systems of countries differ. When each country encounters problems from its own education system, they need to research how different countries solve the problems. Therefore, comparative education research has come to the fore. The main purpose of this research is to examine mutually the types of schools in the education systems of Turkey and Spain. Within the framework of these purposes; It is not mandatory in either country. In Spain, pre-primary education continues from the first month of life until the age of 6. It is the education period in which children in the 0-3 age group and 3-6 age group continue. In Turkey, it covers the education of children up to the age of 5.5 and is not compulsory. The starting age for a primary school in Spain is 6. Primary schools last for 6 years. It consists of the 1st circuit formed by the 1st and 2nd grades, the 2nd semester formed by the 3rd and 4th grades, and the 3rd period formed by the 5th and 6th grades. This is a process that includes secondary school. The schooling rate is 99%. In Turkey, the primary school starting age is 5.5 and it lasts for 4 years. After primary school, there is a 4-year secondary school. The primary school enrollment rate is 98.67%. Secondary education in Spain is divided into two stages as 2+4. Classes covering 7th and 8th grades constitute the first level and the 2nd level in the level covering 9th and 10th grades. Secondary education in Turkey 9.10.11.12. covers classes. Higher education in Spain is carried out in 4 types. 1- First cycle programs (3 years) 2-Long-term programs that combine the first and second cycle (4 or 5 years for medicine 6 years) 3-Second cycle programs (2 years) 4-Third cycle, that is, master's programs (2 years) In Turkey, administrative decisions are taken by the Senate, other decisions and assignments are made by YÖK. Higher education in Turkey includes 2-year vocational schools and 4-6 years of undergraduate education. Master's education takes 2 years and a doctorate takes 4 years. Students in need of special education in Spain can start special education schools or daycare centers opened for them from the age of 4. In addition, they can receive education in regular classrooms with inclusive programs. The needs of students who need special education in Turkey are provided in public schools. It is also eliminated in normal classrooms with inclusion programs