THE FIRST DOMESTICATED ANIMALS AND CAMEL

Abstract

The domestication sequence for the animals is thought as; Dog is probably one of the first domesticated animals. The situations of the second domesticated group which were like the human beings being seasonal immigrants were nomadic animals (sheep, goat, reindeer). The third group was formed by the animals like cows that had been domesticated because of the urbanization resulted from farming. The fourth group was formed by the animals used for transportation such as donkey, wild donkey, came and horse. The domestication of goat and sheep dates back to 6000 B.C. given by the radiocarbon dating method. The most of the mammals including horse, tapir, rhinoceros, elephant, pig, camel appeared for the first time as 10 kg during the early Eocene. The Miocene period during which the word had taken its present form, the variety of mammals reached its peak. The animal migrations had been seen in Europe-Asia, Asia-Africa and Asia-North America continents. During the middle and late Miocene, Anatolia was the arrival place for the mammals between Europe, Asia and Africa. During the domestication period, the numbers of the successfully domesticated weed plant-eating animals were limited with goat, sheep, pig, cow, horse, donkey, camel, lama, reindeer, yak. In history, for the first time the societies in South Arabia, Socotra and Africa began to breed the camels as milk giving animals and source for wealth. Unlike other regions, in the North Africa camels were used for cultivation and pulling cars. At early periods they were used for carrying things much and they were not used as mount animals at all. Later, it became possible to use them as mount animals when the useful saddles were produces. There were more humpy camels in Arabia, Syria, Egypt and Africa. According to the archeological findings, the camel with two humpies had been domesticated in the Khurasan Region in Iran and Turkmenistan for the first time. The entity of such camels goes back to 3000-2500 B.C. The rise in the number of camels in Anatolia began after the conquest of Anatolia by the Turks particularly with the economic ties with Northern Syria where the camels had been grown