Relationship Between Urban Spaces and Art: The Role of Sculpture Parks
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10452501Keywords:
Sculpture parks, art, urban spaceAbstract
Art enriches the pattern of cities, increases social interaction within urban areas, facilitates communities coming together, generates economic revitalization, and creates a common ground for people to converge. Art has various effects on cities economically, physically, and socially, and its impacts are of significant importance in urban development. Alongside the many positive effects of art, sculpture parks stand out with the space and art relationship. In sculpture parks, space becomes a component of art. These parks have an influential role in shaping the environment both urbanistically and artistically. Sculpture parks can be defined as organized landscape areas and sculpture exhibitions. Artworks in cities, transforming urban landscapes, make living spaces more attractive. The point of differentiation about art parks from museums and art galleries should be the art venues which have mainly open-air exhibitions lying in expansive areas. Numerous large-scale art pieces can be displayed in sculpture parks. Another significant aspect is that they are the spaces where the site-specific art and the relationship between art and nature stand out. This paper examines the sculpture parks from different geographical locations, focusing on their spatial dimension, site-specific artworks, their accommodation of large-scale art pieces, and their function as recreational spaces. Storm King Art Center (USA), Hakone Open-Air Museum (Japan), and Ekeberg Sculpture Park (Norway) have been the examples examined in this study. These kinds of sculpture parks represent a growing trend of exhibiting artworks in natural settings. These spaces highlight the importance of displaying art in open areas, interacting with nature, and reaching a broader audience. This contributes to the increase and spread of similar international projects and outdoor art events. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between art and cities through examples of sculpture parks in different geographical locations, examining the impact created by these parks. It's possible to state that sculpture parks located in three different countries and established at different times, have similar effects and characteristics.
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